• br Introduction The principal pathways of adrenal and gonada

  2025-02-11

  

  Introduction The principal pathways of adrenal and gonadal steroidogenesis have been known for over 50 years (reviewed by Miller and Auchus, 2011). Cholesterol is first converted to pregnenolone via three reactions, 20-hydroxylation, 22-hydroxylation and scission of the 20,22 carbon–carbon bond,

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Recent stu

  2025-02-11

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Recent studies have highlighted cholecystokinin receptor and autophagy as novel targets for the treatment of liver fibrosis [7,14]. In this study, we demonstrated that catalpol protected the rat liver from CCl4-caused injury and fibrogenesis in vivo

• antioxidants Interestingly this situation might be

  2025-02-11

  

  Interestingly, this situation might be changed by the immunological context, in particular by the cytokines encountered during differentiation or activation. LPS-activation of bone marrow-derived DCs differentiated in GM-CSF decreases autophagy, CP2, and subsequent activation of CD4+ T cells (Fig. 2

• br Results br Discussion br Conclusion The flux of glucose

  2025-02-11

  

  Results Discussion Conclusion The flux of glucose into cytosolic short chain acyl-CoAs was maintained in pure beta brucine australia in the presence of inhibition of ATP citrate lyase with hydroxycitrate and also in a cell line with >90% ATP citrate lyase knockdown suggesting that a pathwa

• The surprising finding of our study is that human

  2025-02-11

  

  The surprising finding of our study is that human M1 macrophages stimulated by LPS express ALOX15B to high levels. So far 12/15-lipoxygenase activity was only reported for IL-4 stimulated anti-phlogistic M2 macrophages [9] but not for the classically activated M1 macrophages. Our data suggest that s

• Placental cells also express P aromatase CYP A encoded by

  2025-02-11

  

  Placental cells also express P450 aromatase (CYP19A1, encoded by CYP19A1). In the placenta, this enzyme requires an external source of androgens, provided by the adrenal gland of the fetus, to form estrogen. The fetal adrenal gland produces dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) [9] and, in the placenta, it

• Recently AFF was used to convert an

  2025-02-11

  

  Recently, AFF was used to convert an FN3-based binder specific to the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of cAbl kinase into an allosterically regulated, intermolecular fluorescent switch (Figure 2D). Binding to cAbl kinase co-operatively stabilized the assembly of the FN3-based binder from two partial fra

• br Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives Herein we

  2025-02-11

  

  Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives Herein, we have highlighted our current understanding of the role of the LKB1-AMPK pathway and its related kinases in β cell biology. β cell-specific genetic models have been particularly useful in delineating precise roles for individual family members

• Phytoremediation technology is defined as the use of plants

  2025-02-11

  

  Phytoremediation technology is defined as the use of plants to remove contaminants from soils or to render them harmless, and is regarded as a cost-effective, environmental-friendly method for reclaiming soils contaminated by toxic metals (Lasat, 2002, Mahar et al., 2016, Marrugo-Negrete et al., 201

• br Conclusion br Introduction The identification of Alzheime

  2025-02-11

  

  Conclusion Introduction The identification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers and their ability to measure pathology antemortem has led to a fundamental reconsideration of the pathogenesis of AD. The importance of biomarkers was already reflected in revised diagnostic criteria proposed by

• br Results br Discussion Tapinarof

  2025-02-10

  

  Results Discussion Tapinarof (GSK2894512) is a naturally derived investigational topical medicine with demonstrated clinical efficacy for patients with AD and psoriasis (Bissonnette et al., 2010, Bissonnette et al., 2012a). The drug substance is a polyphenol produced by bacteria that is struct

• Herein we employ an adapted

  2025-02-10

  

  Herein we employ an adapted targeted quantitative proteomic isotope dilution method, developed in our laboratory [[18], [19], [20], [21]], to quantify membrane transporters in fresh lung from five donors, in four immortalized human lung cell lines and in three control cell lines. We quantify twelve

• GW9662 hydroxydopamine OHDA is a selective

  2025-02-10

  

  6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a selective catecholaminergic neurotoxin mainly used to generate lesions in the nigrostriatal pathway in rats (Ungerstedt, 1968). The most common use of 6-OHDA is via unilateral injection into the rat medial forebrain bundle (MFB). DA depletion, nigral DA cell loss, and

• br Adenosine as a mediator of procedures used to

  2025-02-10

  

  Adenosine as a mediator of procedures used to manage pain The issue of caffeine Caffeine, from dietary sources, is perhaps the most widely consumed behaviorally active agent in the world (Fredholm et al., 1999). Initial characterization indicated caffeine had a higher affinity at A1−, A2A− and

• br Conclusion br Conflicts of interest br Introduction Enzym

  2025-02-10

  

  Conclusion Conflicts of interest Introduction Enzymes are widely applied as biocatalysts in fields such as synthetic chemistry [1], pharmaceuticals [2], environmental treatment [3], and food technology [4] because they can catalyze chemical transformations in a highly selective manner under

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