• Moreover mice exposed to high cholesterol

  2024-07-24

  

  Moreover, mice exposed to high-cholesterol diet have mildly activated astrocytes, increased expression of ApoE and aquaporin-4 in the hippocampus, and altered levels of proteins associated with Aβ metabolism (Chen et al., 2016), which is related to a higher demand for cholesterol transport and the n

• br Regulation of AHR Activity AHR

  2024-07-24

  

  Regulation of AHR Activity AHR activity is regulated in various ways. First, AHR protein levels are controlled via ubiquitin-mediated proteosomal degradation: Ligand binding induces AHR ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the proteasome [5]. AIP, a component of the AHR chaperone complex,

• Exposure to B a P is

  2024-07-24

  

  Exposure to B[a]P is an epidemiologically proven cause of lung cancer (Hecht, 2003; Rojas et al., 2004; Alexandrov et al., 2010), and the formation of B[a]PDE-N2-dG adducts is considered to be the critical event in lung tumorigenesis by B[a]P. On the other hand, there is evidence suggesting that the

• G actin has a molecular weight of kD and dimensions

  2024-07-24

  

  G-actin has a molecular weight of 42 kD and dimensions about 55 × 55 × 35 Å3. It consists of 375 amino acids arranged into two individual domains (Alberts et al., 2014). A central cleft bisects the protein into two aforementioned domains which surround a deep cleft containing ATP or ADP and a tightl

• Eicosanoids are locally acting signaling lipids that are pro

  2024-07-24

  

  Eicosanoids are locally acting signaling lipids that are produced from C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including arachidonic Deforolimus mg (AA, C20:4), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5) and eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3) (Dennis and Norris, 2015; Funk, 2001; Stables and Gilroy, 2011). According

• The present work has implications for our thinking about the

  2024-07-24

  

  The present work has implications for our thinking about the effects of antidepressant (e.g. SSRIs) use on maternal care in depressed mothers which consist of approximately 10–20% of all mothers (Gjerdingen and Yawn, 2007, Susser et al., 2016), and more than 40% of depressed mothers are prescribed w

• br Autophagy inducers Macroautophagy is often seen as a cell

  2024-07-24

  

  Autophagy inducers Macroautophagy is often seen as a cellular process capable of increasing the fitness of AS1404 and overcome resistance to several forms of stress [9], [10]. As discussed above, it has been proposed by several authors that an effective strategy for enhancing sensitivity of canc

• Having demonstrated that Gq coupled

  2024-07-24

  

  Having demonstrated that Gq-coupled mGluR1a was necessary for estradiol-induced enhancement of CREB phosphorylation, we hypothesized that activation of a separate G-protein signaling pathway could explain the effect of estradiol on L-type calcium channel signaling (Boulware et al., 2005). Indeed, in

• br Introduction Sustained over activation of neurohormonal s

  2024-07-23

  

  Introduction Sustained over-activation of neurohormonal systems is a hallmark in the pathophysiology of cardiac dysfunction following myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF). Inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin Ademetionine sale system (RAAS) constitute cornerstones of pharmacotherapy f

• The first and the best characterized mechanism of

  2024-07-23

  

  The first and the best-characterized mechanism of receptor-dependent internalization of Aβ is mediated via the α7-nicotinic fasudil receptor [82]. Lipoprotein receptor protein represents the second best-studied route that facilitates the uptake of Aβ by neurons, involving additional molecules such

• A number of interesting anti inflammatory molecules have

  2024-07-23

  

  A number of interesting anti-inflammatory molecules have also been identified that are derived from AA or ω−3 fatty acids, including the lipoxins (for “lipoxygenase interaction products”), resolvins, and protectins [18], [19] (Fig. 1). The lipoxins are synthesized from AA by 5-, 12-, and 15-LOX, as

• These findings suggest that eventually

  2024-07-23

  

  These findings suggest that eventually more than one 12/15-lipoxygenase isoform may play a role in human atherosclerosis. Humans have two 12-lipoxygenases and two 15-lipoxygenases which show different expression patterns, substrate specificities and stereo-selective metabolism [1]. However, in tcid

• amyloid Pregnane X receptor PXR is a nuclear receptor that

  2024-07-23

  

  Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a nuclear receptor that plays an important role in regulation of metabolism and disposition of structurally diverse xenobiotics as well as endogenous steroids and bile acids (Bertilsson et al., 1998, Kliewer et al., 1998, Lehmann et al., 1998). PXR regulates the metaboli

• There are two ways to transport FFAs into

  2024-07-23

  

  There are two ways to transport FFAs into cells. First by passive diffusion. Second as the putative long-chain fatty rad001 receptor transporters are proposed, CD36 the plasma membrane-associated fatty acid-binding protein (FABPpm) and fatty acid transport proteins (FATP) [11], where CD36 is respon

• br Acknowledgments and Disclosures br Introduction In mammal

  2024-07-23

  

  Acknowledgments and Disclosures Introduction In mammals, ejaculated sperm requires a finite period of residence in the female reproductive tract to become competent for fertilization (Visconti et al., 1995a, Visconti et al., 1995b). Once oocytes are matured, it is important for these cells to

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